Inquiry (Natural science)

Games!

http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/lsps07_int_animalclass/

https://jr.brainpop.com/science/animals/classifyinganimals/

Working in the Computing Lab

1.              What are forces?

2.             Can we see forces? How do we know they are present in nature?

3.            How can forces be measured?

4.           What is gravity?

5.           What is friction?

6.          Are there forces involved when objects do not move?

7.          What is Magnetism?

Scientific method rap

Inquiry in the lab

Let's watch these videos: 

What is Force?

Gravitional Force

Forces

What is a force?

 A force can ​change the shape of an object, ​change the direction it’s moving ​in, slow it down, speed it up or ​make it move or stop; forces act ​in a particular direction​.​

Friction  Force

Friction is a force that happens when objects rub against one another. Say you were pushing a toy train across the floor. It doesn't take much effort or force, because the toy is light. Now say you try to push a real train. You probably can't do it because the force of friction between the train and the ground is more intense. The heavier the object, the stronger the force of friction.

Magnetic Force

Magnets are objects that produce an area of magnetic force called a magnetic field. Magnetic fields by themselves are invisible to the human eye.

Magnetism can attract magnetic objects or push them away.

Magnets have a magnetic north pole and a magnetic south pole. If the same pole of two magnets are placed near each other they will push away (repel), while if different poles are placed near each other they will pull together (attract).

Gravity   force

Gravity is the force that causes things to drop to earth. It is also the force that keeps planets in their orbits. Every physical object has a gravitational pull, including you!

 There are two major factors that determine the strength of an object’s gravitational pull: Its mass, which can also be thought of as how much matter it’s made of or how easily it can be moved by a force. (The sun has a big gravitational pull because it is so massive; you have almost no gravitational pull because you are so small and not made up of as much stuff compared to the Earth and Sun.) How close the things are together. Stars in other parts of the universe have almost no pull on us, but the Sun has a huge pull because it is close.

Latitude and Longitude: click here!

Glossary - Force and Motion

Acceleration	The rate at which an object changes velocity or an increase or decrease in the acceleration; a decrease in speed is called a negative acceleration.  rate of speed of a moving body. An increase in speed is called a positive
Action and Reaction	In every interaction, there is a pair of forces acting on the two interacting objects. The size of the forces on the first object equals the size of the force on the second object. The direction of the force on the first object is opposite to the direction of the force on the second object. Forces always come in pairs - equal and opposite.
Air resistance	Also known as drag - it pushes against things that are moving.
Attracts	To cause to draw near by physical force (like a magnet.)
Distance	The amount of space between two things, points, lines, etc.
Electromagnetic force	Is the force associated with electric and magnetic fields. It is responsible for structure, chemical reactions, and the attraction and repulsion that goes with electrical charge and magnetism.
External force	Forces acting between the body and environment.
Force	A push or a pull. A force can move objects. Force- A force is a push or a pull upon an object which results from its interaction with another object. You are doing work when you use a force to cause motion. A force is a push or pull. You can observe a force when something flies, falls, or spins.
Friction	Force from two objects rubbing against each other.
Gravity	A force that pulls objects towards earth's center.
Inertia	The tendency of motionless bodies to remain motionless and moving bodies to remain in motion.
Joule	A unit of energy equal to the work done when a force of one Newton acts through a distance of one meter.
Magnet	An object that pulls metal or steel towards it.
Mass	A measure of quantity of matter in an object.

Momentum	A measure of the motion of a body equal to the product of its mass and velocity.
Motion	The action or process of moving or of changing place or position; movement.
Newton	English philosopher and mathematician: formulator of the law of gravitation.
Newton’s 1st law of motion	An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force or things will keep on doing what they are doing until something stops them. This is also known as inertia.
Newton’s 2nd law of motion	Force = Mass x acceleration, which translates to this: the
	more mass an object has, the more you have to push it. The harder you push an object, the farther it will go.
Newton’s 3rd law of motion	When you push on an object, it pushes back, and is often referred to as action and reaction.
Physics	The science of studying the concept of matter and its motion, as well as space and time. Physics is the science that deals with concepts such as force, energy, and mass.
Push	Something that moves things away from you.
Resistance	Is a force that tends to oppose or retard motion.
Speed	Rapidity in moving, going, traveling, proceeding, or performing.
Unbalanced force	How far something goes in a certain amount of time.
Velocity	Measure of the speed and direction of an object.
Weight	Equals the amount of gravitational pull on an object.

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UNIT 3

Central  idea

Lifestyle decisions affect how body systems work, impacting health and survival.

Skeletal System

Did you know that…

- At birth the human skeleton is made up of around 300 bones. By adulthood, some bones have fused together to end up with 206 bones.

- The human skeletal system has six major functions including the production of blood cells, for support, for movement, for protection, for storage of ions and endocrine regulation.

The longest bone in the human body is the thigh bone called the femur.

- The smallest bone found in the human body is located in the middle ear. The staples (or stirrup) bone is only 2.8 millimetres (0.11 inches) long.

- The area of our body with the most bones is the hand, fingers and wrist where there are 54 bones.

- Our teeth form part of the skeletal system, but are not counted as bones.

Systems

Click  Here !!

Human Body   Study

 Read  and     research

Human Body

 facts!!http://www.kidsbiology.com/human_biology/http://www.kidinfo.com/health/human_body.html

The Nervous system

What is the nervous system?

The nervous system is the highway along which your brain sends and receives information about what is happening in the body and around it. This highway is made up of billions of nerve cells, or neurons (say new-rons) which join together to make nerves.

A nerve is a fibre that sends impulses through the body.

These fibres are covered by fatty substance called myelin (say my-e-lin). Myelin helps the messages go fast through the neurons.

Nerve cells work by a mixture of chemical and electrical action.

The two main parts of the nervous system are the central nervous system and the peripheral (say per-if-er-al) nervous system.

The central nervous system

The brain and the spinal cord make up the central nervous system. The brain lies protected inside the skull and from there controls all the body functions by sending and receiving messages through nerves. 

The peripheral nervous system

The peripheral nervous system carries messages to and from the central nervous system. It sends information to the brain and carries out orders from the brain.  

You can help your nervous system work well and be healthy by being active, having a healthy diet and keeping yourself busy and happy

Exercise releases a chemical, called serotonin, in the brain which makes you feel good, relaxes muscles and gets rid of stress.

 

  Good food gives your body the vitamins and minerals needed to build healthy nerves and tissue.

   Keeping busy and happy helps you to deal with life when things go wrong.

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Study  systems   4AFunctions Skeletal System.  Click  here!!!

Working in the Computing Lab!

Check this page and learn more about the skeleton- click on each bone to know its function in our body. Then prepare yourself to play!! Skeleton_tutorial

 After you read the information play the following game:Skeleton game

Now, are you prepared for a Quiz? Skeleton_game_quiz

If you want to play more, here you have an excellent web page to practice: skeletal system

Muscular System

If you've ever wondered how your muscles work, this movie will help you to know the answer! Muscles movie

Read the following article and answer the questions bellow: Article

1-    How many muscles do we have?

2-    What is the function of the Muscular system?

3- What types of muscles do we have?

4-    Can you control the movement of ALL your muscles?

5-    What are the tendons?

6-    Skeletal muscles in your body:

  a)     Where is the deltoid?

  b)    Where can you find the pectoralis muscles?

  c)     Where is the bíceps?

  d)    Where is the quadriceps?

  e)    Where can you find the gluteus maximus?  

Lifestyle decisions

(working in the Computing Lab)

Watch the following videos:

Video 1

Video 2

Video 3

Video 4

After you watch the videos draw the following chart in your inquiry notebook and complete it with the main information showed.

Habit	Positive consequences	Negative Consequences

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Unit 3: How the world Works: An inquiry into the natural world and its laws.

Changes for changing

Central idea: Changes in the Earth`s structure transforms society and ecosystems

States of matter:
Matter is all around us. Matter is the air you are breathing. Matter is the computer you are reading from now. Matter is the stuff you touch and see. And it is more. Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space.

Characteristics of Matter

Watch the following videos and learn more about it: 

States of matter

Matter Lesson 

Matter Lesson 2

Matter explanation

Let`s sing the songs:

Song States of Matter

Song

Matter and energy

THE EARTH

Watch this! Structure of Earth

The Earth, the place where we live, is a big ball of matter that circles the Sun once a year.

The Earth is composed of the mantle, the core and the crust.

The Mantle

The mantle has two layers; the upper mantle and the lower mantle. The upper mantle has Olivine (a very special rock), compounds with silicon dioxide, and a substance called Peridotite. The lower mantle is more solid than the upper mantle. It has a lot of that Olivine rock, iron, magnesium, and many silicate compounds.

The Cores

There are two layers in the core. First is the outer core. Imagine this huge sphere of molten iron, floating and flowing around the inner core. It's really a liquid. It's extremely hot and under a lot of pressure. Especially important is the idea that the outer core creates the Earth's magnetic field. It's a huge magnet in the center of the planet.  The inner core is under even more pressure. Even though it's just as hot as the outer core, there is such high pressure that it stays solid.

The Crust (lithosphere)

The lithosphere is the solid surface layer of the planet. It is a cool crust that surrounds the liquid and solid interior of Earth. You will probably spend your life above water which means you will live on a group of large landmasses or rock plates. 

The rock plates that float across the surface of the Earth are called tectonic plates. Those plates float on the mantle, an area between the core and the crust. While the mantle is able to move in a very slow way, it is basically solid. It is a very special solid that is able to deform and move. It’s super-hot, but not hot enough to be liquid rock.

Tectonic plates

The basic idea behind plate tectonics is that there are eight major plates on the surface of the Earth. There are also bunches of minor plates. The plates are like the skin of the planet. They constantly move around the planet. 

These plates make up the top layer of the Earth called the lithosphere. The tectonic plates are floating on top of the molten rock and moving around the planet.

Watch this video: Placas tectonicas

Check this website: earth_tectonics

The Earth´s relief

Relief is simply the difference in elevation between two points. When the surface is relatively flat we say it has low relief. Conversely, mountainous regions have high relief.

A landform is a natural feature of the Earth's surface. Typical landforms include hills, mountains, plateaus, canyons and valleys.

Volcanoes

A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. 

When pressure builds up,  eruptions occur. Gases and rock shoot up through the opening and  spill over or fill the air with lava fragments.

Eruptions can cause lateral blasts, lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. 

Volcano eruptions have been known to knock down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger  tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls.

Why do volcanoes erupt? Find it out in this webpage: volcano

Check  this   article   and   let´s   discus  it  at  school. click   here !Volcanoes 

Structure of a Volcano

Earthquakes

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden

shock of the earth’s surface. They are the Earth's

natural means of releasing stress. More than a 

million earthquakes rattle the world each year. 

Earthquakes can be felt over large areas although they usually last less than one minute.

Earthquakes cannot be predicted - although scientists are working on it!

If you want to know more check this webpage: earthquake

TSUNAMIS

A tsunami is a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or a volcanic explosion.

Check this site, it's really useful! kidsgeo.com

Research Project

Group 1: Volcanic activity:

-          Formation

-          Volcano structure

-          Effects to the ecosystem and people

-          Examples in Chile

-          Action (Safety measurements)

Group 2: Earthquakes

-          What is an earthquake?

-          How does it happened?

-          Effects in Chile: people and ecosystem

-          Action (Safety measurements)

Group 3: Tectonic Plates

-          What are they?

-          Where can you find them?

-          How do they change the landscape?

-          Effects on the landscape and people

Group 4: The Earth`s relief

-          How was it made?

-          What is it like?

-          Mention the types of landscapes (relief) in Chile

-          What activities are related to the different types of landscapes?

Group 5: Life of the Planet

-          Explain 3 different theories about the creation of the planet

-          What have been the changes that the planet has suffered?

-          What is the Pangea?

Group 6: Internal structure

-          How is the internal structure of the Earth?

-          What is it like?

-          How was it formed

Working in the Computing Lab

1.                 Search in the web a maximum of 10 maps that show the following landforms.

1. Andes Mountain Range

2. Mount Aconcagua

3. Nevados Ojos del Salado

4. Mount Pissis

5. Altiplano

6. Amazonian Shield

7. Isthmus of Nicaragua

8. Islands of the Lesser Antilles

9. Canal de Panama 

10. Guiana Shield

11. Sierra Madre

12. Amazon River

13. Mississipi River

14. Rocky Mountain 

15. Central Plains of the North 

16. Central American Isthmus

2.              Then create a folder in a Drive document with your name and include the maps there.

Remember to enter to the mail: nubejunior@stjohns.cl -password: nube2015

Lets play the MAP GAME! CLICK HERE-america map-game.

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Unit 1

Chilean Map and its Natural resources

Our country occupies a long, narrow strip of land in South America between the Andes Mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast and Argentina to the east.

From north to south, our country contains different ecosystems and natural resources, due to the varieties of zones and their diverse weathers.

MAP ACTIVITY

1. Finish the Chilean political map. (Regions' names)

2. Look for a blank South American political map. Label countries and capital cities.

3. What are renewable and nonrenewable resources?

4. Find out where they can be found along Chile.

5. Repeat what mentioned above but in South America.

Natural Resources - Zones activity

Here you have two web pages that can help you with your investigation:

flora y fauna 1

flora y fauna

(Activity linked with Writing)

 

Watch these videos:

• Mother nature
• The Ocean
• The Rainforest
• Coral Reef

Animals’ adaptations

Animals have developed features that help them to survive and thrive where they live. Some adaptations are purely physical and others through certain behavior.